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On Translating English Idioms to Chinese

　1. Introduction

 As the trends of globalization and the development of the Chinese nation, the cultural and economic exchanges between China and the outside world have become increasingly frequent. At the same time, more and more foreigners have been rushing into China for traveling, working and living. Although they thirst for gaining knowledge about Chinese history, culture and language, the barrier has still appeared during the communication because they cannot understand meanings of our traditional expressions, especially idioms. Some foreign people find it is difficult to translate Chinese idioms into English properly when they talk with us. And the whole situation is just the same as Chinese people who live in foreign countries, primarily in English speaking countries. No matter Chinese idioms or English idioms, both of them are treasures of history and culture. Refined and sanctified by long usage idioms have been described as the crystallization of language, ancient geography, and local custom, as well as deeply cultural background. They are composed of few words, yet they contain an extremely profound and rich meaning; for another, most idioms carry a vivid image. In addition, people can hardly see their connotations only from their literal words if they do not know the implied culture. Therefore, it is a challenging work for translators to convey these idioms correctly, comprehensive, and near to their real meaning. They regard this area as the hardest part in language despite with the help of dictionary. At present, large numbers of newly coined idioms are emerging while the archaic ones die out, so it is an urgent mission to improve the skills of translating idioms. By doing so, our language will become less dull and dry for idioms can add strength and vividness to our language. More important, besides comprehending each other’s culture better, it will greatly help us to reduce the culture shock too. Unless the translator is not only a good commander of both Chinese and English language but also an expert who learns from east to west, he/she will show the excellence of idioms.

The author intends to explore the cultural features and analysis several translation strategies of English & Chinese idioms though the research，then come up with several practical principles of translating idioms. Combining with many translation strategies, the author tries to achieve the purpose by a comparative study that is based on the fundamental features of idioms and implied cultural traits. Meanwhile the author will underscore some special aspects about idioms. Though the whole process, it is also expected to illustrate that globalization and technology development attribute to the occurrence of infiltration of Chinese culture and English culture into each other. At the last, the author will make a prediction about the future of culture and the utilizing of idioms in both countries.

The paper is divided into four parts. At first, there is an introduction to describe the background, objectives, methods, expected results and significance of the research. In the second part, the author will give a definition, forms and the range of E&C idioms then elaborate on relevant rational. When it comes to the third part---date analysis--- after the presentation of selected date, the author will classify idioms in terms of grammar, figures of speech, originals, phonological, stylistic features, at last, terminology. Form word such as preposition, conjunction and notional word will be included in discussion concerning grammar. At that time, nouns, pronouns and numerals will be used as typical examples when it comes to notional word. While it refers to figures of speech, the emphasis will be on comparison, contrast, euphemism and paradox. In the part dealing with originals, the author will lay stress on classical words, common life and coined languages etc. A number of examples will be followed by its translation. With terminology, the emphasis will be on the translation strategies of the analyzed data. Refer to the conclusion part, besides summarizing the research and analysis culture traits hidden in them, it is time to look into the translation principles of C-E idioms and predict the culture development in the foreseeable prospect.

By carrying on such a research, the author anticipates to get a better understanding of the cultural traits and differences of translation in both Chinese and English idioms. It also wishes to notice the linguistic characteristics of them. Moreover, it is better for author to sum up or put forward some practical translation principles that can be applied to improve the progress of translating English-Chinese idioms into each other in the future.