4. Data Analysis
4.1 Clause-to-clause Contrast between the SLT and the TLT
Following Fang et al (1995:245), both the SLT and the TLT are broken down into clauses consisting of a single thematic structure and a single transitivity structure. As an overview, it is found that, whilst the English text is made up of twenty-five clauses, with a total of 177 words, its Chinese counterpart is composed of twenty-eight clauses containing 286 words (see Appendixes 3 and 4). In order to measure the degree of textual equivalence that has been obtained during the translation, the TLT is contrasted with its English original clause by clause. From this contrast, it is observed that 80% textual equivalence has been acquired, when twenty of the twenty-five SLT clauses find representation in the TLT, while three are combined and two omitted in the translation, as shown in Table 1 below. Besides the strategies of combination and deletion, the translator has also employed the strategy of addition, and as a result, seven more clauses are added in the TLT. This thus serves as the presupposition of the paper, that is, some textual meaning is lost in the process of the translation. The paper thus sets out to see how the translator manages to compensate for the meaning that gets lost.

　　　　　　　Table 1 Clause-to-clause contrast between the SLT and the TLT

4. 2 Strategies Analysis
What this means is that twenty percent of the original textual meaning is lost in the translation. In another word, there exists 20% difference between the SLT and the TLT as far as their textual meaning is concerned. In this part, discussion will centre around the non-equivalence on both the lexico-grammatical and discourse-semantic strata. Here we will see four strategies that have been adopted in the translation not only to compensate for the meaning loss, but also to better adjust the TLT to the TL audience. These strategies can also be called re-drafting strategies, and they include addition, explication and combination.
4. 2. 1 Addition
Addition means adding anything that is needed, such as a word, a phrase, or even a clause, in order to make the translated text appear natural, either grammatically or semantically, in the target language. This is a strategy a translator frequently resorts to when following the original pattern of information flow results in a tension between syntactic and communicative functions in the TLT (Baker, 1992:167). As far as my data is concerned, seven instances of addition are observed and the following is their analysis from a textual perspective.

The first addition appears at the very beginning of Clause 1 of the TLT, i.e., Dāng nǐ kandào "when you see." Functioning as the Theme of the hypotactic projecting clause complex as demonstrated in the figure above, this addition explicitly foregrounds two things as the starting point for the following clause(s). One is the identification of the audiencenǐ "you" as the unambiguous interactant of the communication. Without such identification, Clause 3 that follows would sound obscure because it leaves out the topical Theme. The other thing that is made explicit here is a specification of temporal or the occasion kàndào "see...," which serves as a concrete time when the addressee's psyche nǐ huìbuhuì xiànmù bùyǐ "won't you admire them" occurs.

The second, third and fourth additions are realized in Clauses 4, 11 and 14. Grammatically, they share the same feature by consisting of an adverb plus a verb. Functionally, they all serve as a bridge between their foregoing and forthcoming clauses. As far as the second addition shènzhì rènweí "[you] even think [that...]" is concerned, whilst the textual Theme, shènzhì "even," serves to highlight the paratactic relation between Clause 3 and Clause 4, rènweí "think," further foregrounds and projects the assumed mentality of the audience. If the original Clauses 3, 4 and 5 had been directly transferred into the TL, the Chinese text would sound logically obscure.

The third addition bié taì jièyì "Don't be so concerned" or "Never mind," in Clause 11, not only functions as a friendly consolation to the audience, but also as a marker clause to move from the stage of problem identification to the stage of solution offering.

As for the fourth addition, which is Clause 14, i.e., rúhé chùlǐ wèntí "how to solve (deal with) the problem," it makes explicit what the original "a little sensibility" refers to. Apart from this, this addition has also bridged the gap between Clause 12, and Clauses 15, 16, 17 and 18. It creates space in which the advertiser's suggestions and services are introduced. Clauses 15 and 16 are therefore inserted as contrastive options against those put forward in Clauses 17 and 18. As such, the audience is clearly shown two extremes of choices: either "helplessly" (wúkěnaě hé ) admiring those women who are well-endowed in the chest area, or "immediately enquiring" (lìkè xǘnwèn) about our bust care service, or even trying it out! In contrast to the above-mentioned six additions that are all complete clauses, the seventh addition, i.e wǒmen zhǐ caǐyòng "we only adopt," supplies what has been omitted in Clause 20 in the SLT. This addition not only completes the ellipsed clause; it also highlights the techniques the advertiser employs for his/her bust care services.

4.2.2 Explication
Explication refers to the strategy of translation to express in explicit terms what is vague in the original texts. Looking at my data, the strategy of explication used by the translator can be subdivided into three categories, including change of process type, nominalization, and specification. The instances of these categories are respectively spelt out below.

4.2.2.1 Change of process type
When an English clause is translated into Chinese with a Process type different from its original, we say that a change of process type is realized. The Process types here are defined using Halliday and McDonald's (in press) four-way model. In the Chinese version, six instances of process change are observed. These are tabulated in Table 2 below, with a gloss under each Chinese clause.

4.2.2. 2 Nominalization
According to Halliday (1994) nominalization is a process "whereby any element or group of elements is made to function as a nominal group in the clause" (p.41). It is the single most powerful resource for creating grammatical metaphor (ibid:352). Nominalization in translation involves metaphorically rendering into a nominal group or phrase what are originally "processes (congruently worded as verbs) and properties (congruently worded as adjectives)" (ibid: 352). From Table 3 below, it can be seen that four nominalizations are employed in the translation. Among them, three concern transferring English adjective phrases of Attribute (properties) into nominal groups, while one involves a conversion from a Process. If we look closely at the structure of these nominalizations, it can be observed that all the nominalizations consist of an Epithet plus Thing (Halliday, 1994:185). Comparison with the original of each nominalization enables us to see that the Epithets are in fact derived from the adjective or verbal element of original clause. It follows that "well-endowed" is rendered into jiāorén de ("charming") "womanly" into ráng rén yànxiàn de ("causing people to admire"). In these two cases, the Things měi xiōng ("beautiful chest") and tǐtaì meǐ ("charm of figure") are added by the translator according to the context.

　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　Table 3 Nominalization in the TLT

In dealing with the third and fourth clauses, a slightly more complicated strategy is employed. With regard to the third nominalization, it can be seen that, while the Epithet zhèngcháng de ("normal") derives from the original adjective "normal," the Thing xīnlǐi ("psyche") resulted from the Process verb "to feel." As far as the fourth nominalization is concerned, whilst the Process verb "envy" is transferred into an Epithet ràng rén yàn xiàn de ("causing people to admire"), the Thing shēncak ("physical figure") comes indirectly from the original "body."

4.2.2.3 Specification
In the translated advertisement, ten specifications are made to things that originally are very abstract and general in terms of their meaning or reference. The purpose of these specifications is to avoid the vagueness that would have otherwise resulted from a direct translation of the original. Tabulated above are the instances of specification the translator has made in the TLT.

4.2.3 Combination
The third strategy the translator has adopted while rendering the English advertisement into Chinese is the strategy of combination. According to the specific context, combination may involve incorporating more than one clause element, or even integrating more than one clause into just one group or clause. Combination has the advantage of avoiding redundancy or repetition that would have resulted from translating a TLT by following its original pattern of information flow. Concerning the short English advertisement, two combinations have been made in the translation process. The first combination occurs in Clause 3 and Clause 6 of the SLT when they are put together and translated into Clause 7 in the TLT. The second combination is derived when Clauses 11 and 12 of the SLT are combined and translated into Clause 13 in the Chinese text. These are demonstrated in Figure 2 below.

　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　Table 5 Combinations made in the TLT

1. Are the manual and automatic counts made?

2. What criteria are set?

3. Are any definitions provided?

4. How are the English clauses compared and contrasted with their Chinese translations?

5. Are any categories made?

In regards to Question 1, both the manual and automatic counts are made. The former is used for counting the numbers of clauses in the English text and its Chinese translation and the latter for those of the English words and the Chinese characters.

In regards to Question 2, there are two criteria. One is set when a comparative study is being made between the source text and the target text clause by clause. The researcher breaks down the texts for analysis into clauses and examine them on the clause level. The other criterion is the strategy applied to the translation of each clause from English to Chinese. With reference to this criterion, the researcher investigates how the translator manipulates the strategy to better adjust the original clause to the target reader.

In regards to Question 3, some definitions are provided in association with the two criteria. A definition of clause is quoted from Fang et al (1995:245) that the SLT and the TLT can be broken down into clauses consisting of a single thematic structure and a single transitivity structure. The different translation strategies involved in the research are also defined. For example, addition means adding anything that is needed, such as a word, a phrase, or even a clause, in order to make the translated text appear natural, either grammatically or semantically, in the target language.

In regards to Question 4, the English clauses are compared and contrasted with their Chinese translations, as the researcher suggests, on both the lexico-grammatical and discourse-semantic strata. Based on such language similarities or dissimilarities, the researcher then takes a close look at the use of the different translation strategies to treat these phenomena.

In regards to Question 5, similar to the previous sample, the clauses are also put into different categories in accordance with the adoption of translation strategies, namely that the clauses in the same category are all treated with the same translation strategy.